Gender A Part Of The Gender Subculture - 1282 Words

Girls wake up, brush their teeth, comb their hair and then put their face on. Why do they do this? Is it to impress a guy, feel good about themselves or because society makes them do it? Females are a part of the gender subculture. A subculture is a group of people, within a larger group of people, who share a common interest or belief. Gender is a subculture in today’s society, especially since most people identify with a gender. First off, there are many different kinds of makeup. There is foundation, powder, mascara, eyeliner, eye shadow etc. Every girl wears a different amount of makeup. While walking around campus at Michigan State University, I observed many female students’ faces and saw if and how much makeup they were wearing.†¦show more content†¦Also makeup reflects cultural values and practices because it has become the norm for girls to want to wear makeup to look like their favorite characters. Femininity comes into play here because it is seen th at â€Å"feminine† characters wear makeup, do their hair and worry about their overall appearance. As girls get older and move onto middle school, they start experimenting with makeup on their own. Advertisers target Middle School and High School girls during popular TV shows like Pretty Little Liars and Gossip Girl. Companies like Covergirl, Maybelline and Neutrogena need their products to sell and the only way to do that is to talk more people into buying their product. The cosmetic industry is a $30 billion dollar industry so they have the money to pay celebrities to advertise their product on TV. When young girls see their role model of talking about a specific product, they tend to want it too. Although companies make money on this advertising scheme, it still causes young girls to want to wear makeup earlier. It reflects cultural values and practices in this way to show that companies will do anything to get their product to sell, including influencing girls to wear mak eup just because famous female actresses do. Makeup

3d Printing And Its Effect On Technology Essay - 1813 Words

3D printing is making an impact on technology as it transforms product development and manufacturing. This helps turn individuals, small businesses and corporate departments into their own manufacturer. Since the Industrial Revolution there has been minimal change in manufacturing. The continued use of factories, machine tools, and production lines is still prominent. Thanks to a new product modern manufacturing can now be done without a factory. This emerging product is the future of 3D printing services. What’s new is that 3D printing has reached consumer-friendly price points using new materials and techniques, with the Internet tying it all together. Computer use is vital to the process of additive manufacturing and the consumer products it creates display its relevance. The use of 3D printing is now streamlining consumers’ ability to produce products that are user friendly all within the convenience of your home and workspace. (products are used for living, transpo rtaion and consumtion food) In’s/Out of 3D Printing 3D printing is a new profound way of making three-dimensional solid objects from a digital file. To create the 3D object you use an additive process. An additive process is when you lay down consecutive layers of materials until your project is completed. All of these layers can be seen as a thin sliced horizontal cross section of the eventual object. The process of 3D printing begins with creating a virtual design of the object you are creating. The virtualShow MoreRelatedDigital Printing And Its Effect On The Future Of Our Society770 Words   |  4 PagesThree dimensional (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is taking the world by storm and is said to be â€Å"the next big thing†, the next revolution, or as big as the Internet. 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It covers many different technologies that achieve similar effects, theRead MoreExploring 3d Printing1053 Words   |  5 Pages1) TOPIC a) 3D Printing 2) GROUP A MEMBERS b) Colette Davis: Team Lead c) Ryan Cornell: Assistant Team Lead/ Research amp; Writing d) Tess Bayne: Research amp; Writing e) Kimberly Brooks: Research amp; Writing f) Lindsay Clark: Research amp; Writing 3) THESIS STATEMENT g) 3D printing could potentially change the world as we know it. Through further research and development, this technology has the potential to save lives through medicalRead More3d Printing And Its Effect On The Entire Supply Chain Forever1303 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction 3D printing is a new technology that could potentially change the entire supply chain forever. It is rapidly evolving and gaining a place in many companies. According to a survey performed by the Business Insider as seen in figure 1, 60 percent of firms are either actively using or are evaluating the potential of using 3D printing (Wile). There are an infinite number of uses for 3D printing that come along with advantages and disadvantages. The 3D Printing Process 3D printing, also knownRead More3d Printing Technology1217 Words   |  5 PagesLegitimate Concerns Facing 3D Printing Technology Executive Summary This research journal article discusses how 3D Printing technology may effect federal firearms regulations. The focus of the article is that, due to the development of 3D Printing technology, individuals, even people without technical expertise, now have the ability to use the new technology to produce guns at home much more easily than they ever have before. This behavior might bring great harm to society. However, if a comprehensiveRead More3d Printing Of Care And Patient Outcomes1029 Words   |  5 Pages3D Printing in Healthcare All throughout the world there are constant technological innovations. As time progresses, more inventions come about and alter our lives. Since the industrial revolution we as a nation have had plenty of technological advances that have impacted our lives. Healthcare is one of the most prominent and impactful systems in the world. Technology in healthcare can ultimately make a huge difference in the performance of care and patient outcomes. One recently new innovation inRead MoreTechnology Is The World Of Technology1296 Words   |  6 PagesToday, technology is advancing rapidly; it is taking the world by storm. Everyday something new is being developed. 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Supply Issues Affectng the Copper Industry Free Essays

Supply Issues Affecting the Copper Mining Industry As is demonstrated by the chart below, the demand for copper has exceeded the supply brought to market since 2009. In 2011, 16. 5 million tonnes of copper were produced worldwide and this amount is expected to grow by approximately 3% annually. We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Issues Affectng the Copper Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Data from the International Copper Study Group (ICSG) for 2012 suggests that international demand for refined copper is expected to exceed production by about 240,000 metric tons. The slow growth forecasted in copper supply is speculated to continue to increase the production deficit into 2013 because of both long and short term issues that affect the copper production industry. (http://www. econmatters. com/2011/12/copper-2012-supply-struggling-to-meet. html) Declining Ore Grades Man has been mining copper for centuries. As is characteristic of many other heavily-mined minerals, high-grade copper areas are becoming increasingly rare as many of the largest and highest grade areas have been discovered and depleted by mining companies. It was common in the early 1900`s to find sites that had up to 30% copper; however, the average percentage of copper in new sites found is 1% or less and deemed low grade. Because the copper production process is energy intensive, and therefore expensive, it becomes less feasible to develop the majority of new sites that are prospected. (http://www. mining-technology. com/features/featuremineral-munching-microbes-future-metal-mining) Falling Chilean Copper Output It is estimated that Chile produces about 35% of the world`s copper supply. However, Chilean copper production has fallen by 730 000 tonnes over the last decade. Although declining ore grades are part of the problem, as more iron ore must be processed to produce the same amount of copper creating cost overruns, supply disruptions at some of Chile`s largest mines continue to occur due to labour strikes. Labour striking tends to correlate with rises in the price of refined coppers as well as with large GDP increases, both of which have been seen over the last five years in Chile. (http://seekingalpha. om/instablog/389729-frank-holmes/247300-chart-of-the-week-struggling-copper-supply) Decreases in demand are not being met with needed foreign investment projects to develop new mines because of social factors. Since the beginning of copper exploration, the Chilean government has done little to regulate mining development. Many activists are beginning to file lawsuits and successfully halt new projects proposed by large mining companies because of the adverse effe cts of large scale mining on surrounding crops and water sources. In April 2012, GoldCorp Inc annulled a 3. 9 billion dollar copper project, known as El Morro, because courts deemed that the company had not engaged in proper due diligence procedures with the local indigenous community. (http://www. mining. com/popular-unrest-casts-doubt-over-billions-in-chilean-mining-projects-10820/) Geopolitical Instability in High Grade Copper Regions Southern Africa has sparked the interest of many large copper production companies due to large, high-grade areas in South Africa, Zambia and the Congo. However, political instability and lack of infrastructure in these areas have severely affected the exploration and development of mines as they are seen as unstable and risky to foreign investors. Also, announcements of pending government policies in favour of copper resource nationalization have caused many existing projects to be halted until firmer decisions reached by ruling political parties. (http://copperinvestingnews. om/10134/copper-mining-africa-south-africa-zambia-congo-rio-tinto-anglo-american/) The above constraints are not easily rectified and suggest that the slow growth trends associated with copper supply will continue into the short-term future. For the purpose of this commodity investment decision, it is reasonable to assume that copper prices will continue to rise as the production deficit increases. How to cite Supply Issues Affectng the Copper Industry, Essay examples

Chinas Outskirts Territories Competitive Advantages

Question: Describe about the China's outskirts territories have increased competitive advantages? Answer: Introduction In this report, researchers aim to introduce the Core-periphery model in aspect of China and territories of Far East. The model is initiated with identifying the primary country as China and the report contains country and territory map observation with justifications. The periphery of China is identified as Japan, Korea, and Taiwan and the surrounding territories. Again, the Mainland and Insular is the farthest territory of China (Weightman, 2011). Now the report includes the part of the China core and periphery maps for further justification of the border regions. The evaluation of the threats and opportunities will be performed with core-periphery model of China. In addition, China faces some initial threats with developing aspects of the periphery regions (Faber, 2014). The report moreover emphasizes the zone-wise strengths, weaknesses with respect to the overall economic and other aspects. Map Observation Considering the outcome of the report, to recognize the periphery zones of China, it is seen that China has set up its center position inside of the worldwide commercial context. The main reason is that it already acquired a concrete financial position globally. In such a way, according to Bosker et al., (2012), it is viewed that in the midst of the East Asian nations Japan, Korea and Taiwan are being considered as China's peripheral regions. In the meantime, it can be additionally identified that South Asian nations, for instance, Indonesia and Myanmar can be viewed as a China's neighborhood (Tickner, 2013). Moreover, it is recognized that Southeast Asian nations, for instance, Mainland and Insular are additionally being considered as China's periphery. Figure 1: China with Core-periphery model (Source: Worldmap.harvard.edu, 2016, https://worldmap.harvard.edu/chinamap/) As Lu et al., (2013) suggested, China picked up more development in every aspects as transportation, education, public health and others in periphery regions with their resource engagement. The people of China are congested in the periphery regions mostly, as the public safety, transportation systems, net migration rate to the periphery is more rather than the core regions. In this connection, it can be additionally affirmed that China has picked up notoriety inside of its fringe because of sway qualities (Robinson et al., 2013). Additionally, it can be added in this aspect as China is developed with their people strength and resources expertise in the periphery regions. Li Wei, (2014) opined that the periphery region of China incorporated more development depending on the people culture and their domestic habits. For instance, most people preferred the migration from the core regions to the outer ring of China. Moreover, the researchers identified that as surging population in the periphery, therefore the people faces more feasibility and flexibilities in living. The people with standard income stay in Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong, in short mostly in the periphery regions. With respect to the agricultural aspect and infrastructure improvement, China incorporated immense advancement and technical improvement in the outer ring zones with competitive advantages (Prithwiraj, James Tarun, 2012). Moreover, the non-public and public universities are situated in the western sides of China. Country Map Figure 2: China: Fuels, Power, Minerals, and Metals (Source: Worldmap.harvard.edu, 2016, https://worldmap.harvard.edu/chinamap/) Justification of Country Map Taking into account the perspective of Yu et al., (2012), it is distinguished that Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Mainland and Insular are being considered as a outer regions of China. Additionally, it is seen that all these above-mentioned countries are perceived as dependent over China because of the core regions. In such way, considering the outcome of the report, the development led China to pick up core positions in the midst of the periphery zones (Friedmann, 1966). It can be affirmed that the net relocation per area is high if China implemented the industries, where other neighbor countries have not, for example, Hong Kong, South Korea and Mainland and Insular among others. In the meantime, it is viewed that normal urban communities of China are mostly situated in adjacent ocean regions, which can be viewed as a prime causes that lead China to pick up center positions in the midst of its outskirts territories. The map is selected for the China and its outer energy resources are identified as the fuels, minerals, and metal. Most of the petroleum refinery, Shale Oil refinery, oilfields, gas fields and oil basin is located in the western and eastern boundaries. The thermal plans and hydro plants are located in the lower regions adjacent to the Shanghai, Beijing and other primary cities. The non-ferrous minerals as the Antimony, Copper, lead, Magnetite, Mercury and others are sourced in the outer ocean regions. Again, the ferrous minerals are sourced in the western outskirts of China. Evaluation of Threats and Opportunities of Core Periphery Areas Considering the outcome of the project and evaluation is performed with respect to the core and periphery regions of China, it can be declared that China's outskirts territories have increased competitive advantages. The advantages are with infrastructure development as the neighboring countries have monetary support from the core regions of China (Faber, 2014). At the same time, it can be additionally specified that sound monetary conditions likewise might profited the periphery ranges of China with profits. Again, it helps different countries to build up worldwide associations with China. As an impact, both China and its outer region countries might improve their chances inside of the worldwide setting. On the contrary, to highlight the chances of center and periphery model, it can be stated that China's "Inside Ring" comprise of 14 countries, which impart their outskirts to China (Prithwiraj, James Tarun, 2012). In this connection, it can be expressed that through the help of political quality and efficient quality China might help its fringe zones to get financial advantages. Then again, the remote arrangement and provincial strategies of China has offered the country to pick up core assistance with positioning inside of the Asia Pacific Zone, which can be viewed as a one of the prime qualities of China. Then again, with a specific outcome to highlight the dangers of outskirts regions, it can be declared that outer zones might lead security related dangers for a center country. In connection to this, it can be additionally attested that China has seen more noteworthy dangers from its fringe regions as far as terrorism, security perils, and division among others. In such way, Tickner, (2013) opined that outskirt regions face dangers additionally with hampering the monetary development of a country through influencing exchange relations and transportation open doors for a country. As usual, the outer zones have started the challenges for a country through influencing the regular resources of the core regions. For this situation, it is viewed that China has confronted critical dangers from outskirt regions with lack of migration and transport problems (Lu et al., 2014). With respect to the countries advantages, addressing the necessities and in addition development prodigies, China has created greater advantages that might help the country to relieve such sorts of danger and dangers in a more determined way. Conclusion After considering the outcome of the project and evaluation is performed with respect to the core and periphery regions of China, it can be declared that China's outskirts territories have increased competitive advantages. The advantages are with infrastructure development as the neighboring countries have monetary support from the core regions of China. In this report, researchers aim to introduce the Core-periphery model in aspect of China and territories of Far East. The model is initiated with identifying the primary country as China and the report contains country and territory map observation with justifications. Again, it helps different countries to build up worldwide associations with China. As an impact, both China and its outer region countries might improve their chances inside of the worldwide setting. References Bosker, M., Brakman, S., Garretsen, H., Schramm, M. (2012). Relaxing Hukou: Increased labor mobility and Chinas economic geography.Journal of Urban Economics,72(2), 252-266. Faber, B. (2014). Trade integration, market size, and industrialization: evidence from China's National Trunk Highway System.The Review of Economic Studies,81(3), 1046-1070. Friedmann, J. (1966).Regional Development Policy: A Case Study of Venezuela.Cambridge, MA, and London: The M.I.T. Press. Li, Y., Wei, Y. D. (2014). Multidimensional inequalities in health care distribution in provincial China: A case study of Henan Province.Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie,105(1), 91-106. Lu, C., Wu, Y., Shen, Q., Wang, H. (2013). Driving force of urban growth and regional planning: A case study of China's Guangdong Province.Habitat international,40, 35-41. Prithwiraj, C., James, A., Tarun, K. (2012). A coreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ peripheryframework to navigate emerging market governmentsqualitative evidence from a biotechnology multinational.Global Strategy Journal,2(1), 71-87. Robinson, R. N., Ritchie, B. W., Kralj, A., Solnet, D. J., Baum, T., Ford, R. C. (2013). An Asia-Pacific coreperiphery futures paradox: Divergent worker and tourist mobilities.Journal of Travel Research, 0047287513513164. Tickner, A. B. (2013). Core, periphery and (neo) imperialist International Relations.European Journal of International Relations,19(3), 627-646. Weightman, B.A. (2011).Dragons and Tigers: A Geography of South, East, and Southeast Asia(3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Worldmap.harvard.edu,. (2016). ChinaMap. Retrieved 27 February 2016, from https://worldmap.harvard.edu/chinamap/ Yu, N., De Jong, M., Storm, S., Mi, J. (2012). The growth impact of transport infrastructure investment: A regional analysis for China (19782008).Policy and Society,31(1), 25-38.

The Victorian Age Essay Example

The Victorian Age Essay The Victorian Age is remembered for a lot of things. There was an extreme growth in many of the arts but the one that is the most memorable is its literature. The authors of that time questioned many of the issues going on and influenced our society, as we know it today. The authors such as Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy spoke out against certain issues during that age and are very memorable for that. There were also many philosophers that changed the way we look at the world today. Philosophers such as Charles Darwin and Thomas Malthus brought up many issues that were very controversial. Dickens and Hardy were very different in there writing styles but wrote about common Victorian themes such as; the subjection of women, Darwins theory of evolution and survival of the fittest, ant the oppression of the poor. These people put themselves in the public eye and boldly spoke out on many controversial issues that had not been questioned for thousands of years. Womens rights are sometim es taken for granted today. Many people, men especially, forget that women just recently gained the right to vote and are still slightly discriminated against because of their gender. In the 1700s womens right was unheard of. The authors during this time addressed this issue a lot. An excellent example of this is in Hardys novel Tess of the dUbervilles. The main character is a young woman named Tess. Tess has manyfirst hand experiences with the unjust treatment and discrimination of women during this time. Tess rebels against the discrimination and thereby stands up for womens rights. The main theme of this book is that women were commonly abused and treated as inferior beings. Hardy used Tess to show how bad it was. For example, Hardy states, I was a child when I left this house for months ago. Why didnt you tell me there was danger in men-folk?(Pg.80). Hardy is illustrating how women are t

Free Essays on Design

"The Web is so overloaded with clutter and information, brand becomes an important differentiator." What is the role of brand on the Web? It's huge. The wonderful thing about the Web is that anybody can create a website. The terrible thing about the Web is that anybody can have a website, and does. The Web is so overloaded with clutter and information, brand becomes an important differentiator. Who do you trust? Why go there? What do they deliver – not just the first time, but the second, third, fourth time? The Web has so much to choose from that in order to use it productively, you only want to visit the sites that keep their promises. That's what a brand is. A brand is a promise to the user that gets kept consistently. The companies that perform in ways that respect your time, intelligence and the limits of your technology are sites you're going to want to see again. â€Å"History of ANIMOSITY†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Business people probably don't appreciate being told that they should learn to think like designers. Let's be honest, there's been a history of animosity. Business people look at a designer as somebody just interested in doing pretty things. And the designer looks at the businessperson as a barbarian willing to sacrifice quality to win at the bottom line. But in the New Economy, the capacity to talk to each other and see each other as necessary collaborators is more important than ever. What do successful entrepreneurs and business people in the New Economy do? They reconfigure reality. They reimagine the space in which their company is going to compete. They redesign their organizational operation. They reconceive a metaphor for their business. In fact, they operate in a land that's often pretty intangible. Venture capitalists and incubator companies are constantly trying to foresee what doesn't exist. They look for openings where there are opportunities. Now how does a good designer work? A designer often sta... Free Essays on Design Free Essays on Design "The Web is so overloaded with clutter and information, brand becomes an important differentiator." What is the role of brand on the Web? It's huge. The wonderful thing about the Web is that anybody can create a website. The terrible thing about the Web is that anybody can have a website, and does. The Web is so overloaded with clutter and information, brand becomes an important differentiator. Who do you trust? Why go there? What do they deliver – not just the first time, but the second, third, fourth time? The Web has so much to choose from that in order to use it productively, you only want to visit the sites that keep their promises. That's what a brand is. A brand is a promise to the user that gets kept consistently. The companies that perform in ways that respect your time, intelligence and the limits of your technology are sites you're going to want to see again. â€Å"History of ANIMOSITY†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Business people probably don't appreciate being told that they should learn to think like designers. Let's be honest, there's been a history of animosity. Business people look at a designer as somebody just interested in doing pretty things. And the designer looks at the businessperson as a barbarian willing to sacrifice quality to win at the bottom line. But in the New Economy, the capacity to talk to each other and see each other as necessary collaborators is more important than ever. What do successful entrepreneurs and business people in the New Economy do? They reconfigure reality. They reimagine the space in which their company is going to compete. They redesign their organizational operation. They reconceive a metaphor for their business. In fact, they operate in a land that's often pretty intangible. Venture capitalists and incubator companies are constantly trying to foresee what doesn't exist. They look for openings where there are opportunities. Now how does a good designer work? A designer often sta...

Media Literacy and the Critical Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Media Literacy and the Critical Process - Essay Example In the first episode, Nicole and Paris decided to leave their lifestyles and adapted to humble beginnings. In the next episode, the two characters travelled across the states in a pickup truck which was pink in colour. They engaged themselves in several activities such as working as house helps and catching crayfish. In the next setting, Paris and Nicole participate in several internships with different companies all over the United States. In this particular season, various episodes were not paid at all. Their internships were shortened because they could sometimes display unprofessionalism at the work places. In the fourth season, Nicole and Paris were leaving with different families. Their personal lives were the main focus since the setting of this season took place at their hometowns. The final straw ended when the two friends were not in good terms. Rescue me is a type of drama show which is very interesting to watch. The setting of this drama show is around Ladder 62 located in the New York City Fire subdivision. Rescue me tells the stories of the courageous individuals and the effort of their day-to-day lives. Denis Leary is the main character. He plays Tommy Gavin, a newly divorced father of two. One of his sons dies in season two. Tommy moves across the street from his ex-wife with an intention of staying near his children. Tommy could not stand seeing his wife move on with her life. Tommy takes his dissatisfactions out his friends and his job. For comparisons at a general level, the drama show reveals that several conflicts exist between men and women. These conflicts could lead to separations and divorces. Both the reality show and the drama show portray that relationship is a very important factor. Between the two programmes I would judge the drama show of rescue me as better. Rescue me is a drama that is worth taking a try. It has several life lessons attached to it. Furthermore, how the drama unfolds, makes it more

Homework 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Homework 3 - Assignment Example Hatfill and spoilt his good name as a doctor and biomedical researcher, and thereby constituted, discretely, defamation, defamation per se, and defamation by fake light." To add, the complaint suspected that Kristofs "intentional public criticism of Dr. Hatfill as the likely anthrax assassin regardless of whether Dr. Hatfill was culpable or not guilty" constituted purposeful infliction of emotional suffering. The court’s ruling does not seem to favor one value over the other because all claims were dealt with as per the law. The case is largely dependent on the use of particular terms since it has so many terms being defined to enable the reader to understand a particular term being used. The definitions used are impeccable in that they clearly simplifies this terms which makes it easier to understand. 2) What assumption allows for existing entities to be held responsible for the actions of deceased individuals? Especially in a case such as this, in which the plaintiff was present as a matter of random chance – a situation out of control of those now held responsible-what reasoning allows for assignment of culpability? Existing entities can be held responsible for the actions of the deceased because when Charles Scarlett told Lourecy that his wife was having a seizure, Lourecy took off her phone to ask for help this might have led to Charles Scarlett shooting his wife and later shooting himself while looking directly at Lourecy. Mrs. Palsgraf should not be awarded the damages because the relationship of the guards doings to Palsgrafs harm was not direct to make him accountable. I am convinced with the court’s ruling because it was difficult for the guard to have known that the wrap up was unsafe and that pushing the traveler would thereby cause a

Cross cultural management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Cross cultural management - Essay Example Tesco plans to penetrate the Indian market through Tata’s Trent Hypermarket Limited. To understand possibility of success of the joint venture, the paper will provide analysis of national and organizational culture in India and use international joint venture theory and Trompenaar’s model of differences in culture. Foreign investment is one way that multinational companies expand their operations with intention of maximizing profits. While some have succeeded in raising their profit margins, some multinational companies have failed to realize that cause and considered withdrawal. Multinational companies also use foreign investment as an opportunity to popularize and familiarize their products in the rich global market (Hatten 2012, pg. 27). To enter a foreign market, multinational companies have employed various strategies that include foreign direct investment, acquisition of foreign-based business and partnership. Cultural barriers and differences between the home and foreign market constitute one of the greatest challenges faced by most multinational companies seeking to invest in the countries. Harmonizing, adapting home, and foreign culture have proved a hurdle to some companies, which has led to poor performances in the target markets. Tesco is one of the multinational companies that currently target the Indian market. In fact, Tesco has succeeded through all the processes and is ready to begin its operations in the Indian market. Tesco is the first multi-brand handler to succeed in penetrating the Indian market. This has been due to the recent review in Indian foreign investment law that barred multi-brand companies from sourcing supplies from their foreign-based markets, but instead collaborates with Indian local manufacturers to supply goods. The review of the law now allows liberal ground for foreign multi-brand handlers to source supplies from their

Effective Next-generation WAN Architecture

Effective Next-generation WAN Architecture WAN Architecture Get robust, scalable, and easy-to-use management tools that can handle the complexity of your multiservice and packet voice network.   WAN provides extensive, reliable, and scalable element management capabilities to help you rapidly deploy and manage services. The high-performance carrier-class element and network management product is deployed worldwide in some of the largest service provider networks. It can operate as a standalone system or can be integrated as an element using its northbound interfaces for highly efficient flow-through operations Enhanced operator workflow and usability simplify configuration, fault monitoring, and troubleshooting operations. The enterprise business is changing as new types of payroll systems.. As the number of branches continues to increase, the reliable and secure delivery of these evolving services demands a network that can similarly evolve to meet these demands and enable business success. IT professionals require higher network performance, scalability, availability, security, and service capabilities. The Branch-WAN payroll system architecture is developed to address these key areas of customer concerns. To meet these requirements, the Branch-WAN payroll system architecture features scalable and resilient network infrastructure, integrated security, wireless, and payroll system intelligence to provide seamless service capabilities that include Unified Communication, media collaboration, and data/Web 2.0. Architecture This is dedicated to delivering solutions that meet and exceed customers business and technology requirements by integrating best technologies, services, and platforms. The WAN Payroll system architecture is part of a comprehensive approach to providing an end-to-end enterprise network architecture. This model is known as Places in the Network architecture. The architecture addresses the differing requirements for systems design and deployment in the three principal network areas: the campus, the data center, Internet edge, and the WAN. See Figure 1 Figure 1: Architecture When discussing an enterprise network, it is important to consider that most networks are built from a discreet set of interconnected, architectural elements-each of which has its own requirements. A branch office, for example, may not have the same scalability requirements as a data center, but has a greater need for reduced form-factor devices with high-value integrated services. The typical corporate campus network offers users high speed and secure network connectivity, Unified Communication services, wireless services, and access to corporate payroll systems and databases. A well-engineered network must offer workers at branch sites the same network services as campus workers, to maximize productivity and ensure business objectives are met. The Branch-WAN payroll system architecture offers an end-to- end system design that delivers a flexible, scalable, and secure network that supports advanced network services for branch office workers. Figure 2: WAN Payroll system architecture (Frame work)   Ã‚   The WAN payroll system architecture shown in Figure 2 has the following layers: †¢Network Infrastructure-The foundation that provides routing, switching, quality-of-service (QoS), high availability, and other functionalities to ensure that the network is scalable, flexible, and resilient. †¢Integrated Security-This layer extends the corporate security policy to the branch, providing network infrastructure protection, secure communication, threat mitigation, and network monitoring across both the Branch and WAN PINs. †¢Wireless-this layer provides user network connectivity anywhere within the enterprise, giving employees greater flexibility, and increased productivity. †¢Payroll system Intelligence-this layer provides various payroll system optimization techniques using optimization (i.e., TCP flow optimization, data redundancy elimination) and control for payroll system classification and prioritization using QoS. This optimizes use of the WAN bandwidth and, enables branch users to access the same payroll systems as campus users, with similar user experience. †¢Management-this layer provides the ability to easily provision and monitor the network. With these layers, it is imperative that unified communication (i.e., Unified Communication), Media Collaboration (i.e., Tele presence, IP Video Surveillance, Desktop Video, and Digital Media Systems), and Data Web 2.0 (i.e., collaboration payroll systems) work seamlessly across the Branch-WAN solution. Technologies Considered Types: There are number of WAN technologies like point to point connection, circuit switching and packet switching. The WAN communication which is carried over a leased line is called point to point connection. In a point to point network the message from the customers end is traveled to the remote user via an ISP. Circuit switching is the data communication which is stared when there is need to communicate and it is terminated afterwards. It is like a telephone call. When the two users arte connected and identified, the data is transferred in other words voice is transferred. When the transmission of the data is complete the call is disconnected again. Packet switching data network is a WAN technology in which the network of the user is established in the carriers system. The examples of packet switching network include asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), switched multi megabyte data services (SMDS) and frame relay. Optimization The purpose of WAN optimization is to eliminate the flaws in the packet data transfer in shared WAN systems. There are many techniques of optimizing the WAN technology. These optimization techniques include duplication, compression, cashing, protocol spoofing, traffic shaping, equalizing, connection limits and simple rate limits. The process of duplication sends a reference of the actual data, this helps in preventing from data redundancy. In order to present data patterns in an efficient manner compression is used. The process of caching reduces the bandwidth up to 30%. The multiple requests are tied in one bundle using protocol spoofing. Traffic shaping controls the amount of data handling and also monitors and guides the data traffic. When the data is sent according to the priority of the data usage it is known as equalizing. Connection limit averts from the access grid locks in access points and routers due to the lack of service or peer to peer connection. Simple rate limits the users from getting more than the data which has been fixed for their use. The purport of WAN optimization is to overcome the difficulties such as expensive bandwidth and to decrease the users experience time. The scalability of WAN is nowadays an important consideration and hence WAN optimization is used to target such issues as well. The typical small branch design includes a 1.5 Mbps Ethernet private WAN connection. The router terminates the VPN and routing from the central site and implements QoS policy. The router also hosts the following integrated services: †¢Security (Firewall, IPS) †¢Unified Communications (SRST, FXO / FXS ports) †¢Payroll system intelligence The branch also includes a Layer-2 access switch with the following key features: †¢Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) †¢DHCP snooping †¢Spanning tree †¢Class-of-Service (CoS) on access ports †¢QoS †¢Port security †¢Dynamic Address Repayroll system architecture Protocol (ARP) Inspection Wireless LAN may be implemented with a router module or standalone controller/switch. New Issues The key to an effective next-generation WAN architecture? Match technologies and services to interconnection requirements. Herewith a blueprint: Data center-to-data center connectivity: Data center interconnectivity requires high-capacity, low latency links. Although multiprotocol label-switching (MPLS) can do the trick, its often an expensive solution. Telecom architects are increasingly turning to solutions such as carrier Ethernet (either point-to-point or virtual private LAN service, VPLS), or dark fiber or wavelength services. Seventy-one percent of organizations will be deploying some form of carrier Ethernet by the end of 2010, typically for data center-to-data center connectivity. Why? Three reasons: First is cost. On a per-megabit-per-second basis, carrier Ethernet can run 25% to 50% lower than other technologies. Second is bandwidth: with Carrier Ethernet, users are able to procure up to 10Gbps of bandwidth (the equivalent of 2.5 OC-768 circuits). As a result, as bandwidth requirements increase, carrier Ethernet becomes more appealing. Finally, theres the ease of deployment and management. Users report that carrier Ethernet is straightforward to install, and performs reliably. Right off the bat, it worked like a charm, says the CIO of a midsized professional services firm. Data center-to-branch, and branch-to-branch, connectivity: Most organizations (80%) have deployed MPLS, and plan to continue using it for site-to-site connectivity (at least for midsized-to-large sites). Some firms mostly leading-edge organizations are also looking at rolling out carrier Ethernet for the core WAN. The primary challenge? Availability. Carrier Ethernet isnt as widely-available as MPLS. Remote-site and micro branch connectivity: For smaller sites, companies are exploring a range of connectivity options. An Internet VPN is one approach (and one thats increasingly common). A more innovative approach is to deploy 4G wireless technologies, either direct to the router or to each individual employee. Again, the challenge here is availability: Most carriers are just beginning to roll out broadband wireless (in the U.S. at least). Another problem is capacity: Carriers havent designed their networks for use as wired-WAN replacements. References: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_architecture apparchguide.codeplex.com/ www.amazon.com/PatternsApplication-Architecture/0321127420

Athletic Training Career Essay -- Sports, Health and Physical Educatio

"Here she comes around the last curve she's just about to break the world record for fastest mile run by a woman. Almost there, and she's done it! But wait, she's on the ground, gee whiz I think her knees gave out!" How is this girl going to get better? What should she do to fix this? An athletic trainer would be able to answer these questions and help this girl get back into the best physical condition possible so she could run again. The following are key parts of the Athletic Training career, including, but not limited to: requirements of education and colleges that offer programs; basic job titles and responsibilities; employers; benefits, hours, annual income; extending the job experience. An Athletic Trainer is by definition "a medical professional who prevents, assesses, treats, and rehabilitates injuries." These professionals are recognized by the American Medical Association, and are part of the Allied Health Services. Athletic Trainers must be mature enough to handle emerge ncy circumstances, such as an unexpected injury, distraught athletes and parents. They must know how to prevent injury, or evaluate an injury in order to care for and rehabilitate the injured party ("Defining" 1). Now, every good career person must have an education, and Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania is a well known college for becoming an Athletic Trainer. It has a competitive, nationally accredited, Athletic Training program so that after the first two years of college a student must apply for a position. It also has an excellent fitness facility. Curriculum generally includes "assessment and evaluation, acute care, general medical conditions and disabilities, pathology of injury and illness, therapeutic exercise, therapeutic modalities, r... ...r career extensions or changes among Athletic Trainers. The time it would take to add another degree to a resume would depend on the type of degree or certification required and the college or university attended. However, adding more degrees tends to make a person more qualified and wanted in higher paying positions, just keep in mind that higher paying positions also take more time. Athletic Training can be a very rewarding career if someone is ambitious enough to go far. The author of this paper no longer wants to become an Athletic Trainer anymore because higher pay is harder to achieve, and an extreme amount of time would be needed to get into the highest pay bracket. I think this career would be better for single, healthy people, or an athletic family that does not mind the parent being away for periods of time on, whichever, weekends, days or nights.

Project Guidelines

APPENDIX A: FILM REVIEW PROJECT GUIDELINES (General) I. Select an Appropriate Topic A. Relevant and Appropriate: Check the following websites for ideas: 1. http://www. sampsoncc. edu/staff/pwolf 2. http://www. apa. org/monitor B. Be Specific: Narrow general topics down! C. Researchable: Search http://www. nclive. org for â€Å"hits† II. Title page A. Title of Project B. Date C. Student’s Name D. Course Number E. Abstract (1-paragraph summary) III. Text or Body A. Five (5) Full Pages, typed (double-spaced, 12 point Times New Roman Font) B. APA Text Note Documentation Required! (Get help on my website! C. Review the Film: Informatively describe the disorder/issue â€Å"raised† in the film. D. Apply appropriate Psychological 1. Theories (Psychodynamic, Behavioral, etc. ) 2. Studies (case/experimental/correlational, etc. ) IV. Bibliography A. MINIMUM 5References 1. May use an encyclopedia a. Use only a specialized encyclopedia (i. e. psychiatry, psychology, etc. ) b. Avoid general ones (i. e. Wikipedia, World Book, Britannica, etc. ) 2. May use a textbook a. Abnormal Psychology b. Psychiatric Nursing 3. USE at least two or three of the following: a.Magazine, journal and/or newspaper articles b. Interviews c. Valid Internet sources, i. e. http://www. nclive. org http://www. ask. com B. List Sources in Alphabetical Order, by author’s last name (APA Style) C. Include Complete Bibliographic Information SPECIAL NOTES: . * Late projects will be subject to a 10 point per day penalty! * Late projects must be HAND DELIVERED to Mr. Wolf in his office, by the student. *Search for APA Text Note and Reference Page examples on my website: http://www. sampsoncc. edu/staff/wolf *Additional assistance available through SCC Student Support Services (Turoring)Appendix B: Detailed Project Guidelines: Abnormal Psychology Film Review [pic] In addition to their sheer entertainment value, popular movies often depict psychological disorders. There is certainly n o shortage of â€Å"Abnormal Psychology movies† available for viewing; however, many provide inaccurate portrayals of psychological behaviors, traits and disorders. This often leads to the public at large having a distorted view of what Psychopathology is or how Clinical Psychologists work. Remember from General Psychology, a major part of becoming a â€Å"critical thinker† is becoming a critical consumer of popular information.Your mission in this assignment is to choose a film with an abnormal psychological theme or issue, research the theme or issue portrayed in the film, and then carefully analyze how well or accurately you believe the movie presented the theme to the viewing audience. Instructions: 1. Choose a movie from the attached list. I have indicated which are available from the SCC Library. The remainder may be rented from Netflix, a local video store or perhaps borrowed from a friend or family member. 2. View the movie at least once). Even if you have seen the movie previously, watch it again. You will need to pay very close attention to hat is being portrayed and you should probably take some notes. They will come in handy later, as you write your paper. 3. Write a reaction/research paper using the following guidelines: a. In an opening paragraph (or two), summarize the plot of the movie. Remember, this is a summation; I don’t need a description of every scene. b. Find three to five internet articles that deal with the specific type of psychological disorder/issue portrayed in the movie (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Aversive Therapy, Insanity Defense, etc. ) and then write at least three pages on what you have learned from your internet research.You may also use your textbook as one of your sources, if you wish. Make sure to cite your sources in APA style, in the body of your paper and on your reference page. (See my website for examples) c. In the final portion of your paper, you will analyze (based upon your www. nclive. org internet research) how well you think the movie portrayed its abnormal psychological theme. You will do this by addressing the following questions: How did the depiction of __________ in the film compare to what you learned in doing your research? Do you believe the film to be of educational value to the general public regarding its psychological content?Was the subject matter treated in a humorous manner? If so, do you think this took away from the seriousness of the psychological disorder being depicted in the film (or did it help by making a serious point without â€Å"blowing the audience away†)? Which specific scenes (if any) in the film provided particular insight into the psychological disorder/issue being portrayed? Did you learn anything of value from viewing the film? (If so, what? ) Was the film entertaining to watch? Would you recommend the film to others? Why or why not? 4. Papers will be submitted, in class, on the assigned date.There will be a ten-point per day late penalty for papers turned in after that date. Papers are to be submitted in a two pocket report folder. In the left side pocket, place the internet articles used in your research. In the right side pocket, place your paper, which will include a title page, abstract page, text or body of report (5p), and reference page. 5. Papers should be word-processed in MS Word, double-spaced, using a 12-point Times New Roman font and should be at least eight (8) total pages in length if the directions, indicated above, are followed completely.The first section (see 3-a above) and last section (see 3-c above) of your paper will be your own words/opinion and will require no reference citations. HOWEVER, YOU WILL NEED TO CITE YOUR REFERENCES, APA STYLE, IN THE THREE PAGES OF RESEARCH (see 3-b above) WRITTEN FROM YOUR INTERNET SOURCES. NOT DOING SO WILL BE CONSIDERED PLAGIARISM AND WILL SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCE YOUR PAPER’S GRADE!! 6. Papers will be graded based upon the following rubri c: * Following directions (length, font, double-spacing, etc. ) 5pts. * Cover Sheet 5pts. * Abstract 5pts. * Film summation 10pts. * Research portion 50pts. Analysis of film 20pts. * Reference page 5pts. Total:100 7. Guidelines for APA-style (citations, abstract, reference page, etc. ) are attached. Further examples can be found on my website: http://www. sampsoncc. edu/staff/wolf 8. Films not included on the attached list may be used, BUT ONLY WITH PRIOR APPROVAL OF THE INSTRUCTOR. In preparing a paper in APA style, the following general guidelines should be followed. †¢ Font Selection Font size should be 12 points, with Times Roman being preferred. †¢ Line Spacing Double-space everything: title page, abstract, paper, and reference list. Margins and Indentations Leave one-inch margins at the left, right, top, and bottom of each page. Indent paragraphs five spaces using the â€Å"Tab† feature. †¢ Page Header The page header consists of a brief version of the pa per’s title (usually 2 or 3 words), followed by five spaces and then a page number. Starting with the title page, it appears in the upper-right corner of each page of your paper, including the reference page. Use the â€Å"Header† feature of your word-processing program to insert the header information. I. Title Page (or Cover sheet) (page 1) Name Title of ProjectPSY 281-0A Date II. Abstract Page The abstract follows the title page/cover sheet (it is page 2 of your paper) and is a one- paragraph summary of the content of your paper. The abstract should be no longer than 120 words. Because it is a summary of your project, it should be written after your paper is complete. Guidelines: Two lines below the page header, type the word, Abstract, and center it. Two lines below that, begin the paragraph, which should be unindented and double-spaced. III. Text (or Body) of Paper The text of your paper begins on page 3.The page header appears on the top line. Two spaces below th at, center the title. Two spaces below the title, the paper begins. Five pages, minimum, with text notes when citing research. IV. Reference Page The list of references used comes at the end of your paper and begins on a new page, continuing the numbers from the text of your paper. Two spaces below the page header, center the word, References. Two spaces below that, begin the first reference entry. The entries should be entered alphabetically by the author’s last name.If the author’s name is not given, alphabetize by the first major word of the title of the source, omitting A, An, or The. Each entry should start at the left margin; additional lines for that entry should be indented 5 spaces from the left margin. The reference page should be double- spaced. There are NUMEROUS sources on the internet for APA-style papers (besides my web site). One very good one is: http://owl. english. purdue. edu/handouts/research/r_apa. html Parenthetical Citation The APA system of cit ing sources indicates the author's last name and the date, in parentheses, within the text of your paper.A. A typical citation consists of the author's name and the year of publication. Example: Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (Taylor, 1990). Use the last name only in both first and subsequent citations, except when there is more than one author with the same last name. In that case, use the last name and the first initial. B. If the author is named in the text of your paper, only the year is cited. Example: According to Irene Taylor (1990), the personalities of Charlotte and Emily. . C. If both the name of the author and the date are used in the text, parenthetical reference is not necessary. Example: In a 1989 article, Gould explains Darwin's most successful. . . D. When the reference is to a work by two authors, cite both names each time the reference appears. Example: This theory oft en has been used to explore patters of various insect mating (Alcock & Thornhill, 1983). –OR- Alcock and Thornhill (1983) also demonstrate †¦ E. When the reference is to a work by three to five authors, cite all the authors the first time the reference appears.After that, use the first author's last name followed by et al. (Which means â€Å"and others†). Example: This pattern has long plagued the internal politics of college administration in Texas (Douglas et al. , 1997). F. When the reference is to a film, begin with the director’s name followed by the year of the film’s release. Example: (Speilberg, 1989) G. When the reference is to a work by a corporate author, use the name of the organization as the author. Example: Retired officers retain access to all of the university's educational and recreational facilities (Columbia University, 1987).

Jeffrey Bezos

Most people believe a leader is either born or made. When it comes to Jeffrey Bezos, I believe it is a combination of the two. Bezos, founder of Amazon. com, was born into a family full of extraordinary people. Jeffrey’s step-father was a petroleum engineer and his grandfather was the manager of the Atomic Energy Commission’s operations office (Bezos, Ebsco). During his childhood, Jeff was intrigued by his surroundings, often finding ways to alter or enhance everyday items. The people and experiences throughout Bezos’ life have helped him become the successful CEO he is today.Jeff Bezos, born Jeffrey Preston Jorgensen, was born on January 12, 1964 in Albuquerque, New Mexico. After his parents split up, his mother raised him until he was two years old. In 1966, Miguel Bezos came into the picture. After his mother remarried, Jeff was legally adopted and took Miguel’s last name. (Bezos, Ebsco) Since a young age, Jeffrey Bezos has been intrigued by the way thi ngs work. At three years old, Jeff took a screwdriver to his crib, disassembling it into multiple parts. This trend continued when later down the road he built a burglar alarm with an electronic kit his grandfather had given him (Bezos, Encycl).Bezos’ grandfather, Lawrence Preston Gise, played a big part in who Jeff is today (Bezos, Ebsco). From age four to sixteen, Jeff would spend the summers living on his grandfather’s ranch in Cotulla, Texas (Brandt). Here, Jeff’s grandfather put him to work doing jobs such as fixing windmills and repairing pumps. Bezos’ grandfather used his background in working on space technology and missile defense systems to help spark Jeff’s interest in similar things (Bezos, Ebsco). But this was just the beginning. At age eight, Jeff was enrolled in a gifted program at his elementary school in Houston, Texas.Jeff used his intelligence to wow teachers with his knowledge of computers. While none of the teachers even knew h ow to use a computer, Jeff and some of his friends had managed to program one. A local author by the name of Julie Ray took interest in Bezos and featured him in her book, Turning on Bright Minds: A Parent Looks at Gifted Children in Texas. (Bezos, Ebsco) In 1978, Miguel Bezos was transferred to Miami, Florida where Jeff’s fascination with space began. Jeff went to Palmetto High School where he was already thinking out of the box for his time.Bezos hoped to one day become an astronaut on a shuttle that would take passengers from earth into outer space. (Bezos, Ebsco) Bezos graduated from Palmetto High School in 1982 where he was class valedictorian. Along with this honor, he received recognition from the Miami Herald for his academic excellence by winning the Silver Knight Award. Upon graduating high school, Bezos began running his own business with his then girlfriend before heading off to college. Jeff spent the summer establishing an educational summer camp for children. B ezos, Ebsco) In the fall of 1982, Jeff began studying at Princeton University in New Jersey. He graduated summa cum laude in 1986 with a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Electrical Engineering (Bezos, Ebsco). After graduation, there were many opportunities awaiting Jeffrey Bezos. He proceeded to go to New York to work for Fitel, a company that allowed him to build a worldwide communications network for financial trading (Bezos, Encycl. ). Two years later, while Fitel was struggling, Bezos accepted a job with Bankers Trust Corporation.This new job opportunity allowed him to develop software applications for the company’s pension fund clients. Jeffrey moved among the rankings quickly at Bankers Trust; within 10 months he became the company’s youngest vice-president (Bezos, Ebsco). But shortly after, Bezos realized this company was not for him. The next move would prove important in Bezos’ path to becoming an up and coming entrepreneur. In 1990, Jeffrey Bezos was hired by Wall Street financial trading company, D. E. Shaw. Bezos’ duties at D. E. Shaw included looking for new investment opportunities in areas such as insurance, software, and internet.In 1992, Bezos proved he was capable of his role by securing â€Å"one of the most successful qualitative funds on Wall Street†. He was promoted to senior vice-president shortly after. (Bezos, Ebsco) While researching for new business opportunities in the internet sector, Bezos came across some data that would help him in his decision to develop Amazon. com. According to these numbers, the internet was growing at an exceedingly fast rate. Jeffrey decided it was a good time for his next big step. He quit his job in 1994 at D. E. Shaw and prepared to venture into the world of online retail. Bezos, Ebsco) Jeffrey Bezos began by looking into what products could be sold successfully in the online retail market. He composed a list and determined that books would be the best choic e. Bezos told Karen Southwick in October of 1996 that â€Å"there are 1. 5 million Eng lish-language books in print at any given time. If you take all languages worldwide, it’s about 3 million books active and in print. † Bezos knew from his computer background that an online sorting and organizing database to purchase books would catch on. (Bezos, Ebsco) Jeffrey and his wife Mackenzie packed up and headed for the west coast.Jeffrey chose to start his new conquest in Seattle, Washington. Seattle offered a large number of skilled workers and was located by the largest book distributing company in the United States (Bezos, Ebsco). After experimenting with different names, Bezos decided to name the company Amazon after the world’s largest river (Bezos, Encycl. ). Using money from investors, his savings, and his parents, Bezos launched Amazon. com in July of 1995 from his garage in Seattle. At the close of the first month, it is said that Bezos had received orders f rom customers in all fifty states.The large quantity of books available on the database as well as the new features available on the site enticed many customers. (Bezos, Ebsco) Bezos and his colleagues established features that would change internet shopping forever. Amazon was the first of its kind to offer one click-shopping, customer reviews, and e-mail order verification (Hoover’s). Bezos’ main focus of the site was customer satisfaction. Along with these new additions to the site, Amazon was also one of the first companies to encrypt credit card numbers, ensuring safe shopping for their customers (Bezos, Credo).Jeff Bezos helped familiarize the public with on-line shopping, and it quickly became as popular as a trip to the mall (Bezos, Ebsco). After attracting 3 million customers, Bezos decided to take Amazon public in 1997. Jeffrey Bezos quickly became one of the first internet billionaires (Bezos, Credo). In 1998, Amazon broadened their inventory and began selli ng new products in order to gain new customers. Along with books, Amazon. com began offering CDs, videos, electronics, clothing, toys, and games to its millions of customers worldwide (Bezos, Ebsco). In 1999, Amazon. om hit a huge milestone when its sales crossed the billion-dollar mark. During this same year, Jeffrey Bezos was named Time Magazine’s Person of the Year (Bezos, Ebsco). What once started as a small company in Bezos’ garage in Seattle had turned into the â€Å"world’s biggest everything store†. In 2000, Amazon. com teamed up with ToysRUs. com to launch a co-branded toy and video game store. However, this new partnership would not last long. Over the next few years, Amazon would dabble in an array of products. In 2002, Bezos began offering clothing sales from large retail stores such as the Gap, Nordstrom, and Land’s End.A few years later, in 2006, Amazon. com dabbled in online dry groceries. A year later the company began offering a fr esh delivery service for the Seattle area. (Hoovers) In 2007, Amazon expanded once again. Bezos introduced Amazon’s new electronic portable reader, the Kindle. By 2011, Amazon announced that they sell more e-books than printed books. Along with new items such as the Kindle, Amazon began offering products and services such as self-publishing, online advertising, e-commerce platform, hosting, and a co-branded credit card. (Hoovers) Today, Amazon. om has five international websites for Canada, France, Germany, Japan, and the United Kingdom. The company has an estimated 20 million customers in 160 countries across the world (Bezos, Credo). According to Hoover’s Quick Report, Amazon. com employs 56,200 employees as of 2011 at all of their sites. Amazon’s efficient operating model has allowed it to succeed despite downward pressure on prices. Offering low prices to their customers has been a key success to Amazon’s business strategy (Hoovers). As a Business Man agement major, there are many things one can learn from looking at Jeffrey Bezos’ life.He saw a business opportunity and did everything he could to make it work. Starting off in his garage in Seattle, Bezos turned Amazon. com into the world’s largest online store. Despite the many years of not turning profit, Bezos managed to make Amazon. com into the company it is today. By focusing on customer service, Jeffrey Bezos was able to appeal to new customers and keep the current ones satisfied. Works Cited Bezos, Jeff (1964-). (2010). In The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. om/entry/heliconhe/bezos_jeff_1964 Bezos, Jeff. (2003). In Capstone Encyclopedia of Business. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com/entry/capstonebus/bezos_jeff Bezos, Jeff. (2004, Jan 1). Leaders of Information Age (Bio Ref Bank. Brandt, R. L. (2011, Oct 15). REVIEW — Birth of a Salesman — Behind the Rise o f Jeff Bezos and Amazon: Richard L. Brandt on the Founder’s Texas Roots, the Sites Chaotic Early Days, Why Negative Reviews are Allowed and the Increasing Use of Personalized Data. Wall Street Journal, pp. C. 1. -C. 1. http://search. proquest. com/docview/898391472? accountid=2837

Language Management Relative to Gender, Cultural Background, and Goals of Interaction

Language Management Relative to Gender, Cultural Background, and Goals of Interaction Introduction Language is a channel of communication that exists to ensure that men and women are able to talk to each other. It allows people to express their thoughts and feelings and to be understood. Without language, whether verbal or non verbal, it may be practically impossible for people to live and work together.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Language Management Relative to Gender, Cultural Background, and Goals of Interaction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A characteristic of language is the fact that it bonds individuals who have grown together and live within the same geographical area. In many ways, language is defined by the way of life of a group of people. Whereas some languages are almost universal others are very restricted and will only be spoken in a specific region or community. English for example, is one language that is used quite extensively in different parts of the world in education as w ell as in business matters. The importance of language can not be over emphasized and where people are not able to speak a language, they have the option of learning sign languages so as to be able to communicate. Some languages also have variations that may be spoken by an even smaller group of individuals in a subsection of a community. This paper examines language as it relates to gender, cultural background and the goal of interaction. Language and Gender According to Crawford (1995), we live and are linked to different sexes and the big question is always whether or not men and women across the globe use language differently. Although scientists have done enough studies to try and explain the differences, it is quite obvious that the way men communicate greatly differs from the way women convey their ideas and feelings (Crawford, 1995).Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Unlike men, women are much deeper in their talks and most of the time it is never easy for men to easily understand them. Generally, it has been observed that quite a number of women are polite and somehow cautious in their talks than men are. This has led some people to classify women as being weak. Men on the other hand are the complete opposite and usually they are more aggressive in their communications (Crawford, 1995). To try and explain this phenomenon, Crawford argues that a majority of women are not good communicators mainly because they are often controlled by beliefs that do not allow them to effectively express themselves (Crawford, 1995). The differences that exist between men and women are seen as being deeply rooted within individuals and to a large extent they dictate thought and action. Some researchers have gone to an extent considering the talk between men and women as being very similar to cross cultural communication but this view is regarded as being incomplet e by other scholars who strongly believe that there is so much that must be put in perspective whenever one attempts to study gender and how far it affects culture and by extension, language (Crawford, 1995). Sex Differences in Language Crawford (1995) argues that the differences in sex are very critical in understanding the relationship that exists between gender and language usage. There are numerous studies that have been carried out by different scholars to try and establish the associations between language and sex. This is, however, complicated by the fact that it is never that easy for one to comprehend these differences. Apparently, they have been noted to fluctuate from time to and in most of the time, they are never neutral when looked at from a social perspective.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Language Management Relative to Gender, Cultural Background, and Goals of Interaction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The meanings given to sex difference are to a large extent negotiated from existing systems that are already biased and hence not quite reflective of the actual situation (Crawford, 1995). Crawford also explains that the whole idea about men and women being different becomes clearer when one reads books touching on gender topics also, when we get to watch talk shows facilitated by communication experts through televisions (Crawford, 1995). According to studies that have been done, gender related processes can greatly sway an individual’s behaviour, thought process and feelings (Crawford, 1995). Taking a community in Africa for example, and this also applies to other continents, one notes that children begin to learn the differences between members of the opposite sex from a very tender age mainly through the roles assigned to them and teachings they are subjected to. In a typical African set up, the boy child will be allocated certain tasks that are considered masculi ne in nature while the girl child automatically gets tasks that are more feminine. Boys and girls are also taught how to behave towards the opposite sex and in most cases girls and women in general are seen by most communities as second rate citizens. Shocking as it may be, some cultures will require women to always remain subordinate to men regardless of the status they hold in the society. Things they will do include kneeling or bending when addressing or serving men, remaining silent in various social functions where men are present, and carefully listening to men and following what they are told without questioning. Amazingly, most women seem to have given in and will therefore humbly obey the demands placed on them by the society.Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In some communities, it is not uncommon to find boys being treated in a more special way than the girls; whilst boys are required by all to attend school, this is regarded as a privilege and not a right when it comes to girls. Most girls will be required to remain at home and assist their mothers with different chores as they wait to be married off to partners normally chosen for them. The saddest thing about this kind of unfair treatment for the girl child is that they end up growing in a very timid way and end up not being bold enough to express themselves. Clearly, as these girls move on to maturity, the way they will use language will completely differ from how boys will when they eventually become of age. Crawford (1995) pointed out that it is not right for anyone to presuppose that all women are the same just because they are women. There are obviously some exceptions that may be noted. This being the case therefore, some women will grow up with strong virtues but unfortunatel y a majority will be characterized by poor communication skills and in most cases, they will settle for less than what they are worth. Language and Culture Generally, culture is concerned with the way people live and is mostly responsible for strengthening the relationships that are noticeable among men and women in a community or a certain region. Among many other things, culture also governs people’s way of thinking, how they live, eat, dress or even relate to one another. Those who are controlled by the same culture will usually act based on some principles regarded as being acceptable within the community. The effect of language and culture may be seen in various areas of life. Here, I will look at how language and culture affect operations at the work place. Culture and Language at Workplaces For any organization to move forward there has to be unity among all employees. The vision and mission that guides the organization must be clearly communicated to everyone. Without effectively communicating to everyone and ensuring that all are on the same page, the desired growth of the organization may be hindered. A language that does not make this communication possible will simply put the organization at risk and most of the time the communication may not be sent out and received the way it should. Given that culture determines to a very large extent how language is used in talks, it follows that communication may suffer greatly because of cultures that do not help to create language that make communication easy. A study done by Howes (2011) showed that in so many ways, controls the behaviour of individuals; how people work and relate with one another is a product of their cultural background. Some cultures are so strong and the languages associated with them are equally very strict and this tends to complicate the entire process of communication (Howes, 2011). There are times that people turn to the use of a foreign language simply because it is not pos sible to get words they can use to effectively express themselves in their own language. English is one language that has offered solutions for many who are challenged in this manner. Howes (2011) cites Thai as an example of a language that is based on a very strong culture to the extent that it makes it quite difficult for people to relate with one another in various circumstances. A language that is so full of formalities and often without a means of communicating important matters to employees may only lead to a complicated work environment where ineffective communication could be blamed for poor performance (Howes, 2011). Considering that the demands of running businesses in the present world are so high, many people are forced to adjust to new cultures so as to cope with demands at work. This may subject different people to varying stress levels based on their cultural backgrounds as they seek to discover the best way to communicate with colleagues (Howes, 2011). English is con sidered to be a very flexible language and seems to be offering a way for people to act in line with modern business requirements. Unlike many other languages spoken across the world, English does not have so many formalities and makes it possible for people to communicate in a more direct manner. Language and Goal of Interaction Life has so many demands and more often than not people get to interact with the intention of achieving certain goals. Reasons for interaction may include things like learning, teaching, politics etc. According to Francis and Hester (2004), the society is characterized by numerous activities that define that in one way or another make life possible. At the centre all these is language which plays the important role of promoting healthy social interactions that eventually enable men and women to meet their social goals (Francis Hester, 2004). In this section, I will look at language as used in the education system and in activism. Language and Education Unl ike in the olden days when education was seen as a privilege, today it is a standard requirement for everyone. To stay abreast with the changes taking place globally, one should at least attend school as a basic requirement. It has become practically impossible for people to live and interact in the present world without some level of education. As people pursue education, they will often be compelled to learn certain languages so as to benefit from the education system. Even though some countries have tried to reinforce the use of local languages in some areas of their education systems, English has remained the favorite language and hence widely used in most schools as a medium of communication. Language and Activism There are times that people have had to come out strongly to champion a course and to be heard by the relevant authorities. Many times when this happens, it is done to get the government to respond to a problem that may be affecting the public or a group of people. Th e leaders of these activities are usually faced with a big task of rallying a huge group of aggrieved people who also want to be heard. To attract followers, the leaders must use language in a persuasive way so as to lure people to action. In this case, language is basically used to ensure that one has a group of followers wishing to be heard. Conclusion It is very clear that language extensively determines a number of things in our lives. The success of our social interactions is very much dependent on how effectively we are able to make use of language. It is, however, important to note that the way we learn and use language is controlled to a greater extent by our cultural backgrounds and gender. Based on culture and gender, individuals are bound to think and act in a certain way when interacting with others. Gender is further understood well by analyzing sex and the processes that are associated with it not only impact the way we relate but also contribute in deciding how social institutions are organized (Crawford, 1995). Finally, language is also a very useful tool when it comes to accomplishing different things and in most cases, people will use language with specific goals in mind. References Crawford, M. E. (1995). Talking difference: on gender and language. London: Sage Publications Ltd. Francis, D. Hester, S. (2004). An Invitation to Ethnomethodology: Language, Society, and Social Interaction. London: Sage Publications Ltd. Howes, P. (2011). The Impact of Culture on Language. China: Soft is Hard. Web.

How have certain specific societies or cultures tended to view the Essay

How have certain specific societies or cultures tended to view the individual person, his or her relationship to government, and the concept of individual freedom - Essay Example We can analyze these legacies and identify the most probable reasons why they have gone extinct through the ages. One strain of individual/state relation that has since left us is the truly God-centric view of the state and its justification. The Enlightenment, with its secularization of society, attempted to move the reasoning behind state power away from the dictates of an all-powerful creator, and move it to the realm of man. What is not so clear in our present age is how the individual related to the state in a time when God was indeed the central philosophic focus of all government and social power, when priests and religious men made all decisions under the watchful eye of God. One such society was that of Judah and Israel with the Hebrews upon their Exodus from the sands of Egypt. How was the individual seen then as opposed to now? In the Israelite society, government was seen as the intermediary between man and God, enforcing God’s will. Any governing force not acting on God’s will was portrayed as malicious and evil. Individuals, of course, serve the state as they serve God, for the state is a surrogate for divine power. 1 Maccabees, the deuterocanonical Jewish book, begins after Alexander the Great has conquered Judea and his empire has been split on his death. The entirety of the book encompasses the events after the suppression of Jewish rites in Judea, ordered by the Greek Seleucid Antiochus IV. Antiochus imposes his will on Jerusalem, extracting objects from the Jewish temple, slaughtering worshippers, and enforcing a tax and building a fortress in the city. To make matters worse, Antiochus smothers the observance of Jewish laws, desecrates the temple and forbids the practice of circumcision. Antiochus establishes an idol in place of the Jewish god, forcing members of the community to make sacrifices to it. This all comes in an attempt to reestablish the Hellenistic culture and, in some respects, the Greek polis in

Evidence-Based Practice Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Evidence-Based Practice Project - Research Paper Example The study found that the combination of blood glucose lowering and blood pressure medication slows the progression of microvascular complications. Similarly, the Turnbull (2009) meta-analysis study found that intensive glucose control leads to a reduced risk of major cardiovascular events, showing a reduction of 9% for major cardiovascular events. Advance Collaborative (2008) found that intensive blood glucose lowering with gliclazide and other drugs resulted in a reduced incidence of combined major macrovascular and microvascular events, as well as major microvascular events, because there also was a reduction of nephropathy. Still another study suggests that any kind of benefit attained by intensive lowering of blood glucose is lost after one year. The study conducted by Hollman et al. (2008) found that the patients who were assigned intensive glucose lowering were compared to patients who were assigned the standard treatment of dietary restriction. While the immediate results were that the intensive glucose lowering showed that the patients had a lower risk of microvascular complications then the patients with conventional dietary therapy, after one year, these advantages were lost. Introduction Patients with diabetes suffer from a variety of ailments. Among these ailments are microvascular and macrovascular diseases. Therefore, therapeutic intervention should be investigated to reduce the risks of a diabetic patient suffering from these ailments. One such intervention is aggressively lowering blood glucose levels through drugs such as glicazide. Therefore, this article will examine studies that are focused around the intervention of blood glucose lowering, and will examine whether this is an intervention that is positive for diabetic patients, with regards to lessening the risk of micro and macrovascular ailments. PICO Question In patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus (P), what is the effect of intensively lowering the blood glucose (I) as compared with s tandard treatment (C) on the incidence of major macro- and microvascular outcomes (O)? Clinical Question Selection Criteria Inclusion Criteria 1. Journals and studies featuring patients who are who are subjected to either intensive glucose lowering or standard treatment. 2. The participants in these studies had either a microvascular or macrovascular cardiac event. 3. The journals were either randomized trials or meta-analyses. 4. Were published in peer reviewed journals. 5. Were reported in English. Exclusion Criteria 1. Journals that reported on either type I diabetes, juvenile diabetes or gestational diabetes. 2. Qualitative studies. 3. Studies that focused upon patients who were under the age of 18. Search Process The process began by looking for studies that had, as their focus, type II diabetes, intensive glucose lowering therapy verses traditional therapy and micro and macrovascular outcomes. These peer-reviewed journals were ones that were written in English. The data bases that were used were Pubmed, Psychosocial Instruments, British Nursing Index, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Library, Psychosocial Instruments, Allied and Alternative Medicine and Sociofile. These databases were searched with the initial terms of type II diabetes, intensive glucose lowering therapy and micro and macrovascular cardiac. The articles were then narrowed down to studies that were randomized or studies which were

Explain the supervisors responsibilities for providing counsel to his Essay

Explain the supervisors responsibilities for providing counsel to his or her workers - Essay Example With the many cartels, the exposure to drugs is quite high and the program assists the employees that have fallen victim. A middle-sized law firm in Australia has introduced an employee assistance program that seeks to help workers with occupational stress. The organization has organized weekly picnics that seek to relief employees of work related stress. A small marketing company has introduced a health care employee assistance program where it caters for all the health expenses that an employee may have. Going through these employee assistance programs one gets to recognize that the larger the size of the company, the more complex the program involved is (Mannion, 2014). The program integrated in the small marketing company is not similar or as sophisticated as the one used in the multinational telecommunication organization. As the supervisor of this law firm, I recommend that you join the program where you get to enjoy picnics with other members of the organization and even with family members. I advise this because I find it necessary to relief stress at times. Handling clients is a very tasking responsibility and to earn the trust of a client it is vital to be sharp. Picnics will assist you feel rejuvenated and you will have better lawyer-client

The Oregon Trail Essay Example for Free

The Oregon Trail Essay The West as an Ideal   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the 19th century, people migrated from Missouri to Oregon or to the Pacific Northwest of what is now known as the United States of America. Originally, the route covering Missouri all the way to Oregon was determined in order to provide a more convenient route for the fur trade, especially for establishing an overland supply route post right at the edge of the Columbia River.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Oregon Trail, stretching at about 2,170 miles, essentially commenced through a rough system of rutted traces spanning the breadth of land from the Mississippi River that was utilized by roughly 400,000 individuals. In more recent times, the Oregon Trail has been known as symbolic of the differences which separate American Indians from the whites who settled in the land. Back in 1840, only three states were recognized to exist at the western side of the Mississippi River inasmuch as Canadas boundary with Maine remained undefined during those days.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Nations boundary in the west was approximately situated in the Continental Divide, and within a decade Great Britain and the United States have created a boundary that spanned from the Pacific up to the Atlantic. After four decades, masses and masses of emigrants entirely diminished the concept of frontier which radically altered the lifestyle of the American Indians. It also threatened and ravaged numerous species of wild animals along the way, not to mention the buffalo herds. While barbed wires as well a plows dominated the prairies, long stretches of distances were eventually cut shorter by the transcontinental railroads.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During 1837 and 1841, both businessmen and farmers have grown frustration over the economic depressions which affected and sunk their livelihood. As the fur trade became increasingly troubled after the trade collapsed back in 1839, thoughts of the British dominating the Northwest Territory heightened. During those times, the American Indians in Oregon were seen by eastern churches as potential candidates for the thoughts of European civilization. Heading for Oregon as missionaries in 1836, Henry and Eliza Spalding as well as Marcus Whitman and his new wife gave an increasing publicity for Oregon in terms of its advantages and promising opportunities through the letters which they wrote and sent home.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Eventually, more and more people became increasingly interested in Oregon for a wide variety of reasons. In 1841, the very first group of people began to leave the Missouri River banks and proceeded west with the serious intention of emigrating. Almost two years after, almost a thousand emigrants completed the travel which signaled the many others who followed in the years to come. Hardships Faced   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Like any other long distance journey, those who traversed the Oregon Trail would have to face challenges and hardships along the course of their path. Every part of the trail uniquely had its difficulties to be dealt with by the travelers. For the most part, the emigrants would have to face the challenge of loading and unloading their livestock so as to maintain the durability of their wagons. This they would have to do countless times until the trail is over. More importantly, the emigrants would have to spend some time fetching water and food for the animals they brought along with them. Otherwise, the animals would starve and probably die long before they reach the destination which will also affect the food supply determined by livestock and other animals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, the emigrants would also have to adjust in terms of the way they deal with their fellow emigrants in order to maintain harmony throughout the journey and prevent disorder. They would have to determine and set rules that they have to abide along the journey as well as to arrange and break camp each morning and evening. They would have to take turns in terms of positioning in several columns so that lesser dust is raised and a minimal number of the travelers will choke from the air created.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Knowing that the most difficult part of the journey would be near the journeys end where crossing mountains prior to winter snows was a necessary imperative. Hence, the emigrants would have to set the journey and their pace in such a way that the time they travel will be during the time when grass was present almost everywhere along the trail so that the animals they brought would have sufficient food to feed on.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Health hazards to the emigrants were a large hindrance during the journey. Cholera was one of the feared ailments that the emigrants would have to face, caused perhaps by the contaminated water they might have used. Since the 19th century was the time when medical advancements were yet to be discovered, cholera remained one of the most dangerous health hazards the emigrants feared. Small pox also claimed a number of the lives of those who journeyed the Oregon Trail.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In financial terms, the emigrants would have to be financially ready to shoulder the tolls situated at ferries as well as bridges, including the prices for food and other supplies bought along the trading posts or from other travelling emigrants. The payments required for repairing the wagons and other vital tools also shared a considerable fraction of the emigrants finances during the travel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, the prices for the food and water relatively vary than in contrast to ordinary circumstances. Since the supply for water is scarce and the demand considerably high during the journey, emigrants would have no choice but to purchase water at costs they are able to pay for, whether low or high, just to survive the travel. Perhaps the only times when the emigrants are able to purchase water at lower prices are whenever they reach a small town and whenever they found a source of potable water along the way. Reasons for Leaving   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thousands have already traveled across the trail and settled in Oregon by 1846. But why were these individuals willing to leave their homes and land, travel across thousands of miles with barely minimal food to eat and water to drink to a place where they have not been to yet? The answer to this question can be answered in three simple terms: these people were drawn towards the west because of the cheaper value of land where they can purchase and own more, the sense of patriotism, or perhaps the attractive promise of a more fulfilling life in Oregon.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Because Oregon was a region where very few people lived, the value of land was comparatively cheaper than in places were civilization is on the rise. People would take the journey just acquire more areas of land and start life anew. It was one of the risks they were willing to take all for the name of acquiring a better life and securing as well as sustaining the wealth of their families. As the civilization in Oregon sprawled and as transcontinental railroads were established, travelling became easier as the time covered for traveling was dramatically reduced. Access to Oregon became easier and the value of land eventually increased. The need to travel to Oregon because of cheaper land eventually diminished.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The relatively lower price of land back in the days essentially corresponded to a better life for the emigrants. Since Oregon was a newly formed state, acquiring land in the area was almost equivalent to acquiring a better life as compared to their former settlements. Given a larger land area to manipulate, emigrants who settled in Oregon and who were able to acquire land were given the opportunity to raise a higher number of livestock and other animals and cultivate a larger piece of land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The promise of a more fulfilling life in Oregon manifested itself in terms of the higher chance to raise animals and cultivate the land with plants which resulted to an increase in ownership and income. Trade and commerce in Oregon reached heights and settlers found themselves amidst an area fertile for purposes of trade and commerce. Eventually, news of this spread and people became more and more interested in leaving their homes and transferring to Oregon. What Awaited the Emigrants?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although there was no assurance of whatever it is that awaited the emigrants at the end of the journey, it became increasingly known that flocks of individuals were heading towards the west. This fever created a deeper sense of awe and increased the longing of individuals to obtain a better life even at a distant land more than 2,000 miles away. As the number of emigrants grew larger, people began to think of things becoming better that awaited them at the end of the trail.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In effect, Oregon grew in many different ways. The population count boomed in less than a couple of decades more than the normal annual rate. As settlers continuously increased and poured into Oregon, the small towns in the new state were nearing the verge of transforming into cities. Log cabins were slowly replaced by frame houses as the land became more and more civilized in the years that went by. The great migration, in the end, only heightened the urge of the people to travel far and wide towards Oregon.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As Oregon grew at a rapid pace, news easily spread across neighboring areas giving the new state an increasing sense of popularity and presence in the minds of individuals. In the coming years, what awaited the emigrants has become less and less of what they expected. For the most part of the years to follow, new emigrants who settled in Oregon found themselves in the midst of a growing population where finding a place to settle in the heart of civilization in the new state was becoming scarce almost every year. The prospect of finding a place to stay at the center of commerce was diminishing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nevertheless, it has been rare for settlers in the new state to return to their original homes once they were able to find a suitable place to stay in Oregon. With a few exceptions such as the case of Ezra Meeker, the settlers have very little reason to retrace the Oregon Trail and return home. The harsh conditions they may have encountered along the journey and the things they have fulfilled in Oregon might have discouraged them to gamble on traveling back to where they originated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In essence, the Oregon Trail used to be one of the most treacherous yet mostly taken the path by people gathering near the mouth of the Mississippi River. The prospect of a better life mostly fueled this desire to leave home and travel thousands of miles amidst hardships and hazards to their health and property. The reasons for leaving mostly centered on the promise of acquiring cheaper land where they can begin their lives anew and attain prosperity. References Fanselow, J. (2001). Traveling the Oregon Trail (Second ed.). Guilford, Connecticut: Falcon. Faragher, J. M. (2001). The Oregon Trail: A review. The Journal of American History, 88(2), 15. Parkman, F. (2002). The Oregon Trail (Dover Value ed.). Toronto, Canada: Dover Publications. Roberts, J. M. (1954). A Review On the Oregon Trail: Robert Stuarts Journey of Discovery by Kenneth A. Spaulding. American Anthropologist: New Series, 56(6), 2. Willingham, W. F. (1994). Review: Interpreting the Oregon Trail: Three New Perspectives. The Public Historian, 16(1), 3.